Kev lag luam tooj liab, raws li kev lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam hlau thiab cable, kuj tau koom nrog "kev teeb meem sab hauv thiab teeb meem txawv teb chaws" hauv xyoo tas los no.Ntawm ib sab, kev sib tw ntawm cov phooj ywg tau dhau los ua nruj dua, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, nws kuj raug hem los ntawm kev hloov pauv.
Raws li peb txhua tus paub, tooj liab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov peev txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm lub teb chaws, raws li cov khoom siv tooj liab tam sim no, Tuam Tshoj qhov pov thawj tooj liab tsuas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li lub teb chaws noj ntawm 5 xyoo.Tam sim no, kev lag luam cable hauv tsev siv ntau dua 5 lab tons ntawm tooj liab, ntau dua 60%.Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau tas mus li, tam sim no lub teb chaws yuav tsum tau siv nyiaj ntau ntawm kev sib pauv txawv teb chaws txhua xyoo los import tooj liab, suav txog li 3/5 ntawm kev siv tooj liab.
Hauv cov qauv kev xav tau qis dua ntawm kev lag luam uas tsis yog-ferrous, hluav taws xob, vaj tse, kev thauj mus los (tsuas yog tsheb), tshuab thiab khoom siv hluav taws xob yog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb.Ntawm cov subdivided hlau, li ntawm 30% ntawm txhuas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim vaj tse, thiab li ntawm 23% yog siv nyob rau hauv tsheb thauj mus los (tab sis feem ntau yog tsheb);Kwv yees li 45% ntawm tooj liab yog siv rau hauv fais fab thiab cable teb;Kwv yees li 6% ntawm cov hlau lead yog siv hauv cable sheathing;Zinc kuj tseem siv rau hauv tsev, Choj, kav dej, thiab kev loj thiab kev tsheb ciav hlau guardrails.
Thib ob, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, los ntawm kev xav ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev thiab cable, vim yog tus nqi siab ntawm tooj liab, nrog rau cov peev txheej txhuas muaj ntau dua li cov peev txheej tooj liab - Tuam Tshoj cov peev txheej bauxite yog nyob rau nruab nrab, nrog rau 310 qhov chaw tsim khoom, faib nyob rau hauv 19 lub xeev (cov cheeb tsam).Tag nrho cov khaws cia ore reserves ntawm 2.27 billion tons, qeb thib xya hauv ntiaj teb - yog li ntawd, kev lag luam tooj liab kuj muaj qee yam cuam tshuam.
Domestic tooj liab kev lag luam kev sib tw tsom xam
Cov peev txheej tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam tooj liab smelting yog cov peev nyiaj ntiag tug thiab cov peev txheej txawv teb chaws, tab sis cov peev txheej ntiag tug feem ntau nrhiav cov txiaj ntsig luv luv, thiab tooj liab smelting yuav tsum tau nqis peev ntau thiab cov kev cai, nrog rau lub xeev cov kev cai nruj ntawm kev lag luam nkag mus rau hauv cov xwm txheej, qhov pib. raug tsa, txwv tsis pub qis qis dua kev tsim kho thiab lub sijhawm tsim kho ntev thiab lwm yam kev txwv, cov peev nyiaj ntiag tug tsis zoo li nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam tooj liab smelting ntawm qhov loj.Tooj liab yog ib lub teb chaws kev pab tswv yim, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub teb chaws kev ruaj ntseg, lub xeev muaj kev txwv nruj rau kev nkag mus rau txawv teb chaws peev, txawv teb chaws peev feem ntau yog concentrated nyob rau hauv cov tooj liab ua kev lag luam.Yog li ntawd, tag nrho, cov peev txheej nkag mus rau cov tuam txhab tooj liab loj tam sim no tsis muaj kev hem thawj.
Tam sim no, Tuam Tshoj tus tooj liab smelting thiab kev lag luam yog tam sim no ntsib ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov lag luam thiab me me, nyob rau hauv 2012, cov lag luam loj nyob rau hauv kev lag luam accounted rau 5.48%, nruab nrab cov lag luam accounted rau 13.87%, cov lag luam me accounted rau 80.65%.Zuag qhia tag nrho R & D lub zog ntawm lub tuam txhab tsis txaus, qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi qis yog maj mam fading, tooj liab mining smelting tuam txhab uas muag mus rau hauv cov tooj liab ua kev lag luam nyob rau hauv ib tug loj scale, lub high degree ntawm marketization ntawm cov lag luam thiab lub peev xwm ntau lawm ntawm cov khoom qis kawg. thiab ib tug series ntawm kev loj hlob raws li txoj cai quo.Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev kev loj hlob ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam tooj liab, ntau pawg lag luam loj xws li Jinlong, Jintian thiab Hailiang tau tsim, thiab ntau lub tuam txhab teev npe xws li Jiangxi Copper, Tongling Nonferrous Hlau thiab Jingcheng Copper kuj tau tshwm sim.Cov tuam txhab loj loj tau ua tiav qhov kev sib koom ua ke thiab rov tsim kho ntawm cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab, thiab cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv tsev tau nkag mus rau cov tuam txhab ua tooj liab hauv qhov loj.
Muaj ntau yam kev hem thawj rau kev lag luam tooj liab
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam tooj liab kuj tau ntsib nrog lwm txoj kev pheej hmoo.Vim qhov kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev thov tooj liab thiab qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab tau nyob rau theem siab thiab hloov pauv mus rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab cov nqi ntawm kev lag luam hauv qab tooj liab tau nyob twj ywm siab, yog li cov khoom lag luam tooj liab tau nce siab. downstream kev lag luam muaj kev mob siab rau nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev.Thaum hloov cov khoom tooj liab tsim, nws feem ntau muaj irreversibility.Xws li kev hloov kho qhov muag fiber ntau rau tooj liab hlau hauv kev lag luam kev sib txuas lus, kev hloov pauv ntawm aluminium rau tooj liab hauv kev lag luam fais fab, thiab kev hloov ib nrab ntawm txhuas rau tooj liab hauv lub tub yees.Raws li lwm cov ntaub ntawv tseem tab tom tshwm sim, kev ua lag luam yuav txo cov neeg siv khoom xav tau tooj liab.Txawm hais tias nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv, lwm txoj hauv kev yuav tsis hloov qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab, thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab yuav nthuav dav ntxiv, tab sis nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, tag nrho cov kev thov rau kev lag luam tooj liab ua rau muaj kev hem thawj.Piv txwv li, hauv kev lag luam siv tooj liab, kev txhawb nqa ntawm "txhuas tooj liab" thiab "txhuas tooj liab hloov" thev naus laus zis, thiab kev txhawb nqa tus qauv ntawm "lub teeb rau hauv tooj liab thim rov qab" yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev thov tooj liab.
Qhov tseeb, vim yog tus nqi siab ntawm tooj liab, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luam cable txuas ntxiv mus dhau, kev lag luam hauv tsev "tooj liab nrog txhuas", "txhuas tsis siv tooj liab" tau siab heev.Thiab qee lub tuam txhab cable coj cov tebchaws sab hnub poob ua piv txwv - Tebchaws Asmeskas Kev Txhim Kho Hluav Taws Xob Code 2008 (NEC) Tshooj 310 "Cov kev cai dav dav" qhia tias cov khoom siv ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib yog tooj liab, tooj liab-clad txhuas lossis txhuas (alloy) hlau.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tshooj qhia txog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm tooj liab clad aluminium thiab tooj liab, txhuas (alloy) xov hlau, cov qauv ntawm cov xov hlau, cov ntawv thov thiab cov peev xwm nqa tau nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev mob - ua pov thawj tias cov khoom siv txhuas cable tsis tuaj yeem ua kom ruaj khov. kev ua tau zoo, tab sis kuj yog kev teeb tsa, kev thauj mus los thiab lwm yam nqi qis heev, uas muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam tooj liab.
Txawm hais tias, tam sim no, kev lag luam cable hauv tsev tsis tuaj yeem tsim kho raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam lossis dav nyiam los ntawm cov neeg siv ntawm "txhuas es tsis txhob siv tooj liab" cable cov khoom, tab sis lub ntsiab yog vim li cas ntawm ib sab khoom siv technology kev tshawb fawb thiab txoj kev loj hlob tseem tsis tau paub tab, lwm qhov yog tias cov neeg siv cable hauv tsev tseem nyob rau theem tos-thiab-saib.Nrog rau kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua ntawm "txhuas-hloov tooj liab" thev naus laus zis thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom, nws yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev lag luam tooj liab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub xeev kuj tau tsim ntau yam qauv los txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam aluminium.Piv txwv li, Tuam Tshoj tus tooj liab-clad aluminium cable txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st tau pib tsim, tam sim no Tuam Tshoj tau tsim tooj liab-clad aluminium hlau kev lag luam qauv thiab tooj liab-clad aluminium cable hauv zos qauv tau ntau.Piv txwv li, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam hluav taws xob tus qauv SJ / T 11223-2000 "Copper clad aluminium wire" tus qauv rau kev siv tsis sib npaug ntawm ASTM B566-1993 "tooj liab clad txhuas hlau" tus qauv, uas qhia txog cov qauv kev ua tau zoo rau tooj liab clad aluminium conductors rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog cov xaim thiab cable.Tsis tas li ntawd, Liaoning Xeev tau tshaj tawm cov qauv hauv zos thaum ntxov li 2008: DB21 / T 1622-2008 J11218-2008 "Copper clad aluminium hlau thiab cable technical specifications" (sau los ntawm Lub Tsev Tsim thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Northeastern University).Thaum kawg, xyoo 2009, Xinjiang Autonomous Region tau tshaj tawm cov qauv hauv zos: DB65 / T 3032-2009 "Rated voltage 450/750V Copper-clad aluminium composite core PVC insulated cable" thiab DB65 / T 3033-2009 "Rated voltage 0.6/1kV thiab hauv qab no -clad aluminium composite core extruded insulated fais fab cable ".
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev lag luam cable cov khoom siv raw khoom loj tshaj plaws - kev lag luam tooj liab tseem lees txais cov kev cov nyom ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud.Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov tsis muaj cov khoom siv tooj liab hauv tsev, ntawm qhov tod tes, kev lag luam cable "txhuas tooj liab" thev naus laus zis tau nrawm nrawm rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho, yog li ntawd, qhov twg yuav ua rau kev lag luam tooj liab mus rau yav tom ntej, tab sis kuj xav tau. sib koom ua ke sim cov khoom lag luam sab saud thiab qis.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Feb-28-2024